Orthopedics

Orthopedics deals with treating disorders of the musculoskeletal system - the system of the body including bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, skin and any structures related to them - including abnormalities of the extremities and spine. These may be the result of a variety of causes, including accidents, sports, generalized diseases, degenerative changes and developmental and congenital problems. Orthopedic surgeons must earn an M.D. degree and complete four to five years of additional training in orthopedic surgery before practicing in this specialty.